Petrol and Gas formation

Petrol and Gas formation

What drives our cars buses and planes powers our electricity and allows us to cook our food and eat our water most of today's energy needs are met by fossil fuels like coal oil and gas these unique high energy fuels are non-renewable resources that took millions of years to form  about two billion years ago marine organisms like algae and microscopic animals and plants died and settled on the ocean floor beneath other sediments in the ocean and in the absence of oxygen these fossils changed into a substance called keratin under heat and pressure keratin gradually changes into oil or gas the whole process usually takes at least a million years at the molecular level oil and gas are  hydrocarbons made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms the constant pressure and movement of the Earth's crust squeezes oil and gas through the pores or spaces between rocks some oil and gas reaches the Earth's surface and seeps out naturally into land or water often it is trapped beneath the surface by impermeable layers or rock structures like faults and folds within the crust oil or gas deposits build up and form reservoirs are like vast sponges filled with oil and gas they can be as large as a city to find oil and gas deposits geologists use a number of different survey techniques including seismic surveys gravitational surveys and geological mapping seismic surveys use  reflected sound waves to produce a 3d view of the Earth's interior new technologies such as four-dimensional projections and sophisticated graphic renderings of rock structures are improving the way we find conventional oil and gas deposits energy resources that are currently difficult or expensive to extract a called unconventional oil and gas in a world with limited energy resources people are looking at more efficient ways of tapping into unconventional oil and gas or alternative and renewable sources of energy from biofuels or the Sun. 

What do you think will be the energy sources of the future?